Question
Isabella Karle pioneered an experimental approach to solve molecular structures using this technique, but she was snubbed for the 1985 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, which was awarded to her husband instead. For 10 points each:
[10m] Name this analytical technique that was mainly pioneered in the 20th century by female chemists like Kathleen Lonsdale and Rosalind Franklin.
ANSWER: X-ray crystallography [or X-ray diffraction; or XRD; prompt on X-rays; prompt on crystallization or crystal growth or crystal formation]
[10h] This crystallographer was awarded a Nobel for her determination of the structures of penicillin and insulin.
ANSWER: Dorothy Hodgkin [or Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin]
[10e] No women were awarded Nobel Prizes in Chemistry between Hodgkin’s win in 1964 and 2009, when Ada Yonath won for crystallizing this cellular structure that synthesizes proteins.
ANSWER: ribosomes
<Adam Silverman, Science - Chemistry> ~22148~ <Editor: Adam Silverman>
Data
Summary
| Tournament | Edition | Exact Match? | Heard | PPB | Easy % | Medium % | Hard % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 PACE NSC | 06/08/2024 | Y | 36 | 20.56 | 89% | 92% | 25% |