Question

A combined form of this quantity equals one-half for phase space quadratures. States with a value for this quantity below that of the ground state have elliptical phase space distributions that appear “squeezed.” A bound on a combined form of this quantity equals one-half times the norm of the expectation value of a (*) commutator of two operators. (10[1])This quantity for an operator equals the square root of the difference (10[1])between its expectation value squared (10[1])and the square (10[1])of its expectation (10[3])value. (10[1])Because the product of this quantity for x and p is bounded below (10[1])by h-bar over two, (10[1])one can never (10[1])simultaneously know the position (10[2])and momentum of a particle. For 10 points, name this quantity described in a principle derived (10[2])by Heisenberg. (10[5])■END■ (10[12])

ANSWER: uncertainty [accept standard deviation or variance; accept answers describing a lower bound on a product of two uncertainties or a lower bound on uncertainty; accept standard deviation or variance in place of “uncertainty” in relation to lower bounds; prompt on sigma or sigma-squared] (The lead-in describes the lower bound in the generalized uncertainty principle for a pair of phase space quadratures.)
<Forrest Weintraub, Science - Physics&gt; ~28069~ &lt;Editor: David Bass>
= Average correct buzz position

Back to tossups

Buzzes

Summary

TournamentEditionExact Match?TUHConv. %Power %Neg %Average Buzz
2024 PACE NSC06/08/2024Y32100%0%0%106.69