Question

Primary and secondary types of these elements are distinguished in secundative languages. In the dative shift, a dative PP is rendered using a second one of these elements. In ergative–absolutive languages, these elements are marked the same way as a noun (20[1])in an intransitive sentence, (20[1])by the (20[1])absolutive case. These elements comes first in the word order of just (*) one percent of languages. (10[2])Ditransitive (10[2])verbs (10[2])like “give” (10[1])accept two (10[1])of these elements (10[1])as (10[1])arguments. (10[2])In transitive English sentences, prepositional phrases can be used to render the always-optional “indirect” (10[1])type of these elements, (10[1])while (10[1])their (10[1])“direct” (10[1])type is required. (10[1])For 10 points, name these grammatical elements that receive the actions of verbs. (10[4])■END■ (10[8])

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