Question

Vortices and anti-vortices are paired by the “BKT” one of these phenomena. The nature of these phenomena in the 2D Potts model depends on whether the number of states exceeds four. Mean-field theory is typically introduced with these phenomena (20[1])as a motivating example. (20[1])These phenomena correspond to symmetry group changes in Landau theory. (20[3])The “order” (20[2])of these phenomena depends (20[1])on whether they feature continuous change in energy (20[2])with the (*) order parameter. The Ising (“EE-zing”) model gains spontaneous magnetization via these phenomena. (10[1])These phenomena occur when state variables cross a coexistence curve, but do not exceed its critical point. (10[1])For 10 points, (10[1])name these phenomena (10[2])in which the state of matter (10[2])changes. (10[4])■END■ (10[15])

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